Sandbox

SELECT 
  a.modifier, 
  a.modifier_type, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier, 
    a.modifier
  ) as modifier, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier_type, 
    a.modifier_type
  ) as modifier_type, 
  a.variant_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_option_variants a 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_ult_product_option_variants shared_option_variants ON shared_option_variants.variant_id = a.variant_id 
  AND shared_option_variants.company_id = 1 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND a.variant_id IN (
    220112, 220135, 220173, 230564, 220237, 
    220261, 220262, 220263, 220291, 220290, 
    220292, 220293, 220318
  )

Query time 0.00042

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "shared_option_variants",
      "access_type": "system",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "company_id"],
      "rows": 0,
      "filtered": 0,
      "const_row_not_found": true
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "a",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["variant_id"],
      "rows": 13,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "a.variant_id in (220112,220135,220173,230564,220237,220261,220262,220263,220291,220290,220292,220293,220318)"
    }
  }
}

Result

modifier	modifier_type	variant_id
0.000	A	220112
0.000	A	220135
0.000	A	220173
0.000	A	220237
0.000	A	220261
0.000	A	220262
0.000	A	220263
0.000	A	220290
0.000	A	220291
0.000	A	220292
0.000	A	220293
0.000	A	220318
0.000	A	230564