SELECT 
  a.modifier, 
  a.modifier_type, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier, 
    a.modifier
  ) as modifier, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier_type, 
    a.modifier_type
  ) as modifier_type, 
  a.variant_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_option_variants a 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_ult_product_option_variants shared_option_variants ON shared_option_variants.variant_id = a.variant_id 
  AND shared_option_variants.company_id = 1 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND a.variant_id IN (
    217618, 220123, 220140, 240507, 240536, 
    240559, 240582, 220219, 220220, 220223, 
    221104, 220236, 220255, 220256, 220257, 
    220286, 220285, 220414, 220287, 220289, 
    220288, 220318
  )

Query time 0.00048

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "shared_option_variants",
      "access_type": "system",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "company_id"],
      "rows": 0,
      "filtered": 0,
      "const_row_not_found": true
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "a",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["variant_id"],
      "rows": 22,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "a.variant_id in (217618,220123,220140,240507,240536,240559,240582,220219,220220,220223,221104,220236,220255,220256,220257,220286,220285,220414,220287,220289,220288,220318)"
    }
  }
}

Result

modifier modifier_type variant_id
0.000 A 217618
0.000 A 220123
0.000 A 220140
0.000 A 220219
0.000 A 220220
0.000 A 220223
0.000 A 220236
0.000 A 220255
0.000 A 220256
0.000 A 220257
0.000 A 220285
0.000 A 220286
0.000 A 220287
0.000 A 220288
0.000 A 220289
0.000 A 220318
0.000 A 220414
0.000 A 221104
0.000 A 240507
0.000 A 240536
0.000 A 240559
0.000 A 240582