SELECT 
  option_type as type, 
  option_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_options 
  INNER JOIN cscart_ult_objects_sharing ON (
    cscart_ult_objects_sharing.share_object_id = cscart_product_options.option_id 
    AND cscart_ult_objects_sharing.share_company_id = 1 
    AND cscart_ult_objects_sharing.share_object_type = 'product_options'
  ) 
WHERE 
  option_id IN (
    23052, 22746, 23074, 23043, 23015, 24038, 
    24040, 23027, 23028, 23029, 23116, 
    22644
  )

Query time 0.00047

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_options",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["option_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_product_options.option_id in (23052,22746,23074,23043,23015,24038,24040,23027,23028,23029,23116,22644)"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_ult_objects_sharing",
      "access_type": "eq_ref",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "159",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "share_object_id",
        "share_company_id",
        "share_object_type"
      ],
      "ref": ["cscart_migrate.cscart_product_options.option_id", "const", "const"],
      "rows": 1,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "cscart_ult_objects_sharing.share_object_id = cscart_product_options.option_id and cscart_ult_objects_sharing.share_object_type = 'product_options'",
      "using_index": true
    }
  }
}

Result