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SELECT 
  a.modifier, 
  a.modifier_type, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier, 
    a.modifier
  ) as modifier, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier_type, 
    a.modifier_type
  ) as modifier_type, 
  a.variant_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_option_variants a 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_ult_product_option_variants shared_option_variants ON shared_option_variants.variant_id = a.variant_id 
  AND shared_option_variants.company_id = 1 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND a.variant_id IN (
    225966, 225530, 225967, 225984, 226017, 
    226690, 226694, 226698, 226702, 238059, 
    226056, 226034, 226045, 226083, 226096, 
    226109, 226135, 238101, 238086, 221143
  )

Query time 0.00065

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "shared_option_variants",
      "access_type": "system",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "company_id"],
      "rows": 0,
      "filtered": 0,
      "const_row_not_found": true
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "a",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["variant_id"],
      "rows": 20,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "a.variant_id in (225966,225530,225967,225984,226017,226690,226694,226698,226702,238059,226056,226034,226045,226083,226096,226109,226135,238101,238086,221143)"
    }
  }
}

Result

modifier	modifier_type	variant_id
0.000	A	221143
0.000	A	225530
0.000	A	225966
0.000	A	225967
0.000	A	225984
0.000	A	226017
0.000	A	226034
0.000	A	226045
0.000	A	226056
0.000	A	226083
0.000	A	226096
0.000	A	226109
0.000	A	226135
0.000	A	226690
0.000	A	226694
0.000	A	226698
0.000	A	226702
0.000	A	238059
0.000	A	238086
0.000	A	238101